WEST virginia legislature
2016 regular session
Introduced
Senate Bill 539
By Senator Carmichael
[Introduced February
6, 2016;
Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.]
A BILL to amend and reenact §54-2-14a of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, relating to condemnation proceedings; clarifying that near-surface minerals are part of the surface estate unless specifically granted to the mineral estate; and conforming certain language to accepted drafting standards.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
That §54-2-14a of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, be amended and reenacted to read as follows:
ARTICLE 2. PROCEDURE.
§54-2-14a. Alternative method for condemnation by state or its political subdivision.
Prior to any report by
condemnation commissioners, or verdict of a jury, if the applicant be the State
of West Virginia or any political subdivision thereof, and be otherwise
authorized by law to make payment as required in this section, on filing its petition
as authorized in this article, and if the court or judge is satisfied that the
purpose for which the property or interest or right therein, is sought to be
condemned is a public use for which private property may be appropriated on
compensating the owner, the applicant may thereupon acquire title to, and enter
upon, take possession of, appropriate and use the property, or interest or
right therein, sought to be condemned for the purposes stated in the petition
by following the method provided in this section
(a) When the following conditions are met, the State of West Virginia or any of its political subdivisions may pursue condemnation actions under this section and acquire title, enter upon, take possession of, appropriate and use the property or interest or right therein for the purposes stated in the petition:
(1) The entity is authorized to institute condemnation proceeding under this article;
(2) The entity is authorized to deposit the amount of just compensation for the property being condemned; and
(3) The court is satisfied that the purpose for which the property or interest or right therein is sought to be condemned is a public use for which the private property may be appropriated upon compensating the owner.
(b) Before entry, taking possession, appropriation, or
use, the applicant shall pay into court such sum as it shall estimate to be
the fair value of the property the
fair market value determined by the applicant to be just compensation for the
property, or estate, right, or
interest therein, sought to be condemned, including, where applicable, the
damages, if any, to the residue beyond the benefits, if any, to such the
residue, by reason of the taking.
(c) Coal, oil, and natural gas, which are taken concomitant with the public use, shall be compensated for, taking into consideration the mining, production, excavation and marketing costs. Other minerals encountered, such as, limestone, gravel, rock, clay, sand, chalk, and all other similar near-surface minerals, shall be compensated for as a part of the surface estate, unless the highest and best use of the property as a whole is commercial mineral extraction. Evidence of the use of any near-surface minerals by the applicant is inadmissible.
(d) The court or judge may, at the request of any party
to the proceeding, require the clerk of the court to give an additional bond,
adequate to protect such the deposit with the clerk; and if such
a bond is required, the applicant shall pay the necessary premiums.
(e) Upon such payment into court, the title to the
property, or interest or right therein, sought to be condemned, shall be vested
in the applicant. and The court or judge shall, at the request of the
applicant, make an order permitting the applicant at once to enter upon, take
possession, appropriate and use the property, or interest or right therein,
sought to be condemned for the purposes stated in the petition, but the
owners of such property, or interest or right therein, at the time of such
payment, including lienors and conflicting claimants, shall have such title,
interest, or right in the money paid into court as they had in the property, or
interest or right therein, sought to be condemned, and all liens by deed of
trust, judgment or otherwise, upon such property, or interest or right therein,
shall be transferred to such fund in court, subject to the provisions of
this section and to deposit the applicant’s estimate of just
compensation with the clerk of the court.
(f) The title in the applicant shall be defeasible until
the compensation and any damages are determined in the condemnation proceedings
and the applicant has paid any excess additional amount awarded
into court.
(g) The owners of the property, or interest or right therein, at the time of the payment, including lienors and conflicting claimants, have the same title, interest, or right in the money paid into court as they had in the property, or interest or right therein, being condemned.
(h) Upon petition to the court or judge, any person
entitled thereto may be paid his or her pro rata share of the money paid
into court, or a portion thereof, as ordered by the court or judge, but the
acceptance of such the payment shall does not limit
the amount to be allowed by the report of the condemnation commissioners, or
the verdict of a jury, if there be is one. Proceedings for the
distribution of the money so paid into court shall be conducted as provided in
section eighteen of this article to the extent that the provisions therein are
applicable. No party to the condemnation proceeding shall be is permitted
to introduce evidence of such the payment or of the amount so
paid into court, or of any amount which has been accepted by any party, nor shall
may reference be made thereto during the course of the a commissioners hearing or trial.
(i) If the applicant shall enter enters upon
or take takes possession of the property, under the authority of
this section, and shall injure damages the property, the
applicant shall not be entitled may not, without the consent of
the defendant, to abandon the condemnation proceeding. for the
condemnation thereof, but such proceeding shall proceed The condemnation
proceeding shall continue to final award or judgment, and the amount of
compensation and any damages as finally determined in such proceeding
shall be paid in the manner provided by this section.
(j) When, after payment into court as provided under
the authority of this section, the amount allowed by the report of the
condemnation commissioners, or the verdict of a jury, if there be one If the amount awarded by the commissioners or jury exceeds the amount which has been paid into court,
the excess amount, together with interest thereon at ten percent from the date
of the filing of the petition to the date of payment of the award of
the excess amount into court, may, at any time within three months after
the report or verdict of a jury, as the case may be, award has
been confirmed and ordered to be recorded, be paid into court by the applicant
for the persons entitled thereto. In no other instance shall is interest
be allowed on payments made pursuant to the provisions of this section.
If the amount which has
been paid into court pursuant to this section exceeds the amount allowed by the
report of the condemnation commissioners, or the verdict of a jury, if there be
one, the excess shall be repaid to the applicant out of such fund in court, or,
if the amount remaining in the fund be insufficient, then the persons to whom
the fund, or any part thereof, has been paid, shall reimburse the applicant, on
a pro rata basis, but without interest.
(k) If the applicant has the right to abandon the proceeding and does so, the amount which has been paid into court pursuant to this section shall be repaid to the applicant from such fund in court and by any persons to whom the fund, or any part thereof, has been paid, on a pro rata basis, but without interest.
(l) If the amount allowed by the report of the
condemnation commissioners, or the verdict of the jury, if there be is
one, does not exceed the sum paid into court and it shall appear appears
that the latter amount was tendered by the applicant to the defendant prior to
the institution of the proceeding, the defendant shall pay the costs of the
proceeding in the trial court unless the refusal to accept the tender was based
on some ground other than that of insufficiency of compensation and any
damages.
(m) When the report of the condemnation commissioners, or
the verdict of a jury, if there be is one, has been confirmed and
ordered to be recorded, and the excess amount, if any, has been paid into court
as provided herein, the title to the property, or interest or right therein, so
paid for shall be is absolutely and indefeasibly vested in the
applicant in fee simple or to the extent described in the petition: Provided,
That in the case of a public road, title to the right-of-way only shall
absolutely vest vests in the applicant.
NOTE: The purpose of this bill is to clarify that compensation and damages to be paid as a result of any condemnation proceeding by the state or its political subdivisions do not include payment for limestone, gravel, clay, sand, rock, and related minerals unless it is established that the highest and best use of the condemned property is mineral extraction. The paragraph before subsection (k) is being stricken because it is in conflict with W.Va. Code §54‑3-4. Antiquated language has been removed or conformed to current usage and drafting standards.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.