ENGROSSED
COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE
for
H. B. 4119
(By Delegates Cann, Kominar, Michael, H. White, Browning,
Craig, Stalnaker, Poling, G. White and Azinger)
[Originating in the Committee on Government Organization.]
(February 27, 2006)
A BILL to amend the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, by
adding thereto a new article, designated §20-15-1, §20-15-2,
§20-15-3, §20-15-4, §20-15-5, §20-15-6, §20-15-7 and §20-15-8,
all relating to creating the ATV responsibility act; providing
for findings, definitions and scope; providing the duties of
authorized outfitters and licensees; providing the duties and
the responsibilities of participants; providing
indemnification and liabilities of authorized outfitters,
licensees and participants; and requiring authorized
outfitters; and licensees to carry insurance.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
That the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, be amended
by adding thereto a new article, designated §20-15-1, §20-15-2,
§20-15-3, §20-15-4, §20-15-5, §20-15-6, §20-15-7, and §20-15-8, all
to read as follows:
ARTICLE 15. ATV RESPONSIBILITY ACT.
§20-15-1. Legislative findings.
The West Virginia Legislature finds that trail-oriented
recreation for off-highway vehicle enthusiasts significantly
contributes to the economy of West Virginia and is enjoyed by a
large and growing number of residents and nonresidents alike.
Since it is recognized that there are inherent risks in the
operation of such off-highway vehicles which should be understood
by each operator and which cannot be eliminated by authorized
outfitters or licensees, it is the purpose of this article to
define the areas of responsibility and affirmative acts which
authorized outfitters must perform or risk being liable for loss,
damage or injury suffered by participants, and to define the risk
which the participants expressly assume and for which there can be
no recovery.
§20-15-2. Definitions.
The terms in this article have the following meaning, unless
the context clearly requires a different meaning:
(1) "All-terrain vehicle" or "ATV" shall mean any motor
vehicle, fifty-two inches or less in width, having an unladen
weight of eight hundred pounds or less, traveling on four or more
low pressure tires with a seat designed to be straddled by the
rider, designed for or capable of travel over unimproved terrain.
(2) "Motorcycle" means any motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more
than two wheels in contact with the ground.
(3) "Authorized outfitter" or "licensee" means a commercial
outfitter, which is a person, partnership, limited liability
company ("LLC"), corporation, other organization, or any
combination thereof, licensed by the Hatfield-McCoy Regional
Recreation Authority, who operate from any temporary or permanent
camp, private or public lodge, or private home, who provide guided
tours or the rental of all-terrain vehicles or motorcycles for use
on assigned lands for monetary profit or gain.
(4) "Participant" means any person using the services or
equipment of an authorized outfitter or licensee, including
passengers of an all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle.
§20-15-3. Scope.
The provisions of this article shall apply to authorized
outfitters or licensees licensed by the Hatfield-McCoy Regional
Recreation Authority and any participant as defined in section two.
§20-15-4. Duties of authorized outfitters or licensees.
(a) Every authorized outfitter or licensee shall:
(1) Mark for identification purposes all equipment in his or
her possession;
(2) Maintain all equipment and vehicles in his or her
possession in such condition that the equipment and vehicles are
safe to operate or use as intended and recommended by the
manufacturer;
(3) Provide facilities, equipment and services, conforming to
safety and other requirements established by the rules promulgated
by the Hatfield-McCoy Regional Recreation Authority;
(4) Provide facilities, equipment and services as advertised
or as agreed to by the authorized outfitter or licensee and the
participant;
(5) Provide protective helmets which are size appropriate and
which meet the current performance specifications established by
the American National Standards Institute standard, z 90.1, the
United States Department of Transportation federal motor vehicle
safety standard no. 218 or Snell safety standards for protective
headgear for vehicle users as defined by subdivision (5),
subsection (a), section one, article one, chapter seventeen-f of
this code, to all persons using all-terrain vehicles or
motorcycles;
(6) Provide all-terrain vehicles or motorcycles which are age
and size appropriate as recommended by the manufacturer; and
(8) Make certain that every guide offered to participants by
the authorized outfitter or licensee has a current standard first
aid training certificate and CPR certificate issued by the American
Red Cross or its equivalent and ATV safety training through the ATV
Safety Institute.
(b) An authorized outfitter or licensee may not rent or lease
an all-terrain vehicles or motorcycles to a person under the age of
eighteen years or allow any owner-operated all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle on any guided tour when operated by any person under the
age of eighteen years without first obtaining a written statement,
signed by the minor's parent or guardian certifying that:
(1) Any machine owned and operated by the minor is of a model
that is recommended by the manufacturer as appropriate to the
minor's age and size;
(2) All rules governing the use of the vehicle and the
Hatfield-McCoy Recreation Area have been explained to the minor in
sufficient detail to enable the minor to abide by the rules; and
(3) Any minor under the age of sixteen will remain under the
supervision of and the sight of the parent or guardian at all
times.
(c) An authorized outfitter or licensee shall provide a
participant with written notification of his or her duties as
prescribed in section five of this article, and the participant
shall sign the notification and shall be kept on file by the
outfitter or licensee for five years.
§20-15-5. Duties of participants.
(a) All participants:
(1) Shall comply with any requirements established by law,
including those in section one, article one, chapter seventeen-f
one of this code which defines those acts prohibited by operators
of all-terrain vehicles;
(2) Shall comply with the rules or regulations established for
use of the Hatfield-McCoy Recreation Area;
(3) Shall expressly assume the risk of and legal
responsibility for any injury, loss or damage to person or property
which results from participation in operating an all-terrain
vehicle or motorcycle owned by the authorized outfitter or
licensee, and caused by any of the following:
(A) Variations in terrain, slope or angle of terrain;
(B) Surface or subsurface conditions including: rocks, trees
or other forms of forest growth or debris;
(C) Collisions with signs, markers, width restrictors,
culverts, bridges, pipes, equipment, vehicles or any other objects
or fixtures used in trail management, maintenance, construction or
development;
(D) Collisions with signs, markers, pipes, equipment,
vehicles, or any component thereof used in natural resource
maintenance, development, or extraction;
(E) Collisions with electrical transmission poles, towers,
lines, guy wires or any component thereof.
(4) Shall obey all rules or instructions announced by the
authorized outfitter or licensee, with regard to the operation of
the all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle he or she is operating; and
(5) Shall wear all safety equipment provided by the authorized
outfitter or licensee, or which might otherwise be required by law.
(b) Each participant shall have the sole individual
responsibility for:
(1) Knowing the range of his or her own ability to negotiate any slope or trail;
(2) Operating the ATV or motorcycle within the limits of the
participant's own ability;
(3) Maintaining reasonable control of speed and course at all
times;
(4) Heeding all posted warnings;
(5) Operating only on trails designated by the Hatfield-McCoy
Regional Recreation Authority; and
(6) Refraining from acting in a manner which may cause or
contribute to the injury of any person.
(c) If while riding an ATV or motorcycle, any participant
collides with any object or person, the responsibility for the
collision shall be solely that of the participant or participants
involved and not that of the authorized outfitter or licensee.
(d) After an accident, a participant may not leave the area
where the accident took place without:
(1) Leaving personal identification, including his or her name
and address;
(2) Notifying the proper authorities; and
(3) Obtaining assistance when he or she knows or reasonably
should know that any other person involved in the accident is in
need of medical or other assistance.
(e) Where a participant is a lawful passenger, that
participant may not distract or perform any act which might
interfere with the safe operation of the all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle of which he or she is a passenger.
(f) Any person under the age of sixteen years shall remain
under the direct supervision and within sight of a parent or
guardian both of whom must otherwise comply with state or federal
laws and any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.
(g) A participant may not make any alterations or tamper with
the all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle he or she is operating or of
which he or she is a passenger in any way which would interfere
with the continued safe operation of that machine.
§20-15-6. Liability of authorized outfitters and licensees.
(a) Any authorized outfitter or licensee is liable for injury,
loss or damage caused by failure to follow the duties set forth in
section four of this article where the violation of duty is
causally related to the injury, loss or damage suffered.
(b) An authorized outfitter or licensee is not liable for any
injury, loss or damage caused by the negligence of any person who
is not an agent or employee of the authorized outfitter or
licensee.
(c) An authorized outfitter or licensee is not liable for any
injury, loss or damage caused by a participant's violation of any
duty described in section five of this article.
(d) An authorized outfitter or licensee is not liable for any
injury, loss or damage caused solely by the participant's failure
to negotiate the terrain or environment over which or through which
the participant is operating his or her all-terrain vehicle or motorcycle as described in section five of this article.
§20-15-7. Liability of participants.
Any participant is liable for injury, loss or damage resulting
from violations of the duties established in section five of this
article where the violation of duty is causally related to the
injury, loss or damage suffered.
§20-15-8. Authorized outfitters required to carry insurance.
Every authorized outfitter or licensee shall carry public
liability insurance in limits of not less than three hundred
thousand dollars per occurrence.